A Guide to Understanding Horizontal Carousels

Introduction: When Speed and Space Need to Work Together

Order fulfillment and part retrieval have one thing in common: every second counts. In high-mix, high-volume environments, static shelving and manual picking simply can’t keep up with today’s throughput expectations. Operators spend up to 70% of their time walking between storage locations, leading to bottlenecks, errors, and wasted labor.

Horizontal Carousels eliminate that inefficiency by rotating stored items to the operator automatically. They’re the fastest, most accessible way to store and retrieve small to medium parts in batch or order-picking applications.

At White Systems, our horizontal carousel systems have been proven across industries for over 50 years—offering the same reliability and engineering excellence behind our vertical systems. Whether you’re picking thousands of SKUs per day or managing mission-critical parts, our carousels deliver speed, accuracy, and uptime that traditional storage simply can’t match.

1. What Is a Horizontal Carousel?

A Horizontal Carousel is an automated storage and retrieval system that consists of a series of rotating bins or carriers mounted on an oval track. When an item is requested, the carousel rotates horizontally to present the correct bin to the operator’s workstation.

Because the operator stays in one ergonomic position while the storage moves, horizontal carousels drastically reduce travel time and increase pick speed—making them ideal for fast-moving, repetitive operations such as order fulfillment, kitting, and spare parts picking.

Core Technical Specifications (Typical Ranges):

  • Bin width: up to 10 ft (3,000 mm)

  • Bin depth: up to 32 in (800 mm)

  • Payload per bin: up to 750 lbs (340 kg)

  • System length: 20–200 ft (customizable)

  • Rotation speed: up to 85 ft/min

  • Positioning accuracy: ±1 mm

White Systems’ Compact Horizontal Carousel models are engineered for reliability, with heavy-duty drive chains, precision bearings, and intelligent controls for smooth, quiet operation.

horizontal carousels

2. How a Horizontal Carousel Works

horizontal carousel moving

Each carousel is driven by a high-efficiency motor and controlled by a PLC-based system. When an item is requested—either by barcode scan, order list, or WMS command—the carousel rotates in the shortest direction to bring the correct bin to the operator station.

Operators can pick single items or batch multiple orders using light-directed technology or integrated pick-to-light systems.

Core Components:

  • Bins/Carriers: Adjustable shelves or totes for different item sizes.

  • Drive Mechanism: Electric motor and chain drive system.

  • Controller: Coordinates motion and software communication.

  • Access Station: Ergonomic workstation for picking and replenishment.

  • Safety Features: Light curtains, E-stops, access doors, and interlocks.

For even higher throughput, multiple carousels can be grouped into pods and sequenced with pick-to-light technology—so while one carousel is moving, the operator picks from another.

3. Performance and Measurable Advantages

Metric
Picking Productivity
Floor Space Utilization
Accuracy
Labor Reduction
Uptime
Typical Improvement
4–6× faster than manual shelving
Up to 65% space savings
99.7%+ with pick-to-light integration
Up to 2 operators replaced by 1
99%+
Operational Impact
Shorter order fulfillment times
Increased capacity in the same footprint
Virtually eliminates mispicks
Optimized staffing without overwork
Reliable, low-maintenance operation

Horizontal carousels are built for speed and consistency—they’re often the best ROI option where picking time directly impacts output.

4. Ideal Applications

Industry
E-Commerce & Retail Fulfillment
Manufacturing & Assembly
Aerospace & Defense
Automotive
Pharmaceutical & Medical
Typical Use
Batch order picking, SKU consolidation
Kitting, WIP storage, component retrieval
Tool storage, maintenance parts, inventory traceability
Small parts, subassemblies, and sequencing
Clean storage for small components and packaging materials

They’re often paired with conveyors, packaging lines, or robotic pick systems to form complete goods-to-person workflows.

5. Design and Configuration

The flexibility of horizontal carousels allows for fully customized system layouts.

Key configuration factors:

  • Carousel length and bin count based on storage density needs.

  • Bin configuration (adjustable dividers, totes, drawers).

  • Pod design (two or more carousels working together).

  • Access station layout for single or multi-operator use.

  • Control integration with ERP/WMS systems.

Our engineers use your SKU data, velocity reports, and available footprint to model an optimized system that maximizes pick efficiency and minimizes operator idle time.

6. Integration and Software

The power of a horizontal carousel comes from its ability to synchronize with your digital workflow.

Software Integration

  • Connects to ERP, WMS, or order management systems.

  • Supports batch picking, zone picking, and dynamic slotting.

  • Compatible with pick-to-light and voice-directed systems.

Operator Tools

  • Pick-to-Light: Guides operator to exact item locations.

  • Put-to-Light: Directs replenishment for multiple orders simultaneously.

  • Touchscreen HMI: Provides real-time order status and machine control.

This integration turns a carousel into a complete picking station, capable of processing hundreds of orders per hour with minimal supervision.

Horizontal Carousel

7. Maintenance and Reliability

White Systems’ horizontal carousels are built for 24/7 duty cycles and minimal downtime.

Maintenance Features:

  • Industrial-grade chain drives with tension adjustment.

  • Precision bearings and self-lubricating components.

  • Accessible panels for quick inspection and service.

  • Advanced diagnostics for preventive maintenance.

With a 99.5% average uptime across installations and nationwide field service coverage, our systems are designed for longevity—often exceeding 20 years of reliable operation.

8. Comparison: Horizontal Carousel vs. Other Systems

System
Horizontal Carousel
Vertical Carousel
Vertical Lift Module (VLM)
Static Shelving
Speed
★★★★★
★★★★☆
★★★★☆
★☆☆☆☆
Space Savings
60–65%
70%
85%
Accuracy
99%+ with software
99%+ with software
99%+ with software
90–95%
Ideal For
High-speed order picking
Medium throughput, compact footprint
Mixed inventory, tall facilities
Low-cost, low-volume operations

Horizontal carousels deliver unmatched throughput per square foot, making them a go-to for fulfillment and kitting environments where cycle time matters most.

9. Real-World Example

Case Example: Electronics Fulfillment Center
A high-volume electronics distributor implemented four White Systems horizontal carousels with pick-to-light integration to manage over 12,000 SKUs.
Results:

  • 5× increase in pick rate

  • 65% space savings

  • 99.8% order accuracy

  • ROI achieved in under 12 months

Case Example: Aerospace Manufacturer
An aerospace MRO facility replaced long shelving aisles with two carousels for spare parts and tools.

  • Travel time cut by 80%

  • Faster maintenance turnaround

  • Improved visibility into tool usage and availability

Man Scans Barcode to Register an Item on Horizontal Carousel

10. The Future of Horizontal Carousels

warehouse

As industries demand faster fulfillment and tighter accuracy, horizontal carousels continue to evolve.
White Systems is leading the next generation with:

  • Smart sequencing algorithms to optimize rotation paths.

  • IoT-enabled sensors for predictive maintenance.

  • Integrated analytics dashboards.

  • Energy-efficient drives that reduce power consumption.

  • Scalable modular design for phased growth as demand increases.

These systems remain one of the most cost-effective ways to boost throughput while minimizing human travel and fatigue.

11. Key Takeaways

  • Unmatched Speed: Up to 6× faster picking than manual shelving.

  • High Accuracy: 99%+ with pick-to-light guidance.

  • Space Efficiency: Save 60–65% of floor space.

  • Reliability: 99% uptime and low maintenance.

  • Scalable Automation: Integrates easily with existing systems.

custom horizontal carousels

12. Frequently Asked Questions

Consumer Electronics-Horizontal Carousel

Q: How fast are horizontal carousels compared to vertical systems?
Horizontal carousels are typically the fastest form of goods-to-person automation, capable of processing hundreds of lines per hour in batch mode.

Q: What ceiling height do I need?
These systems are ideal for facilities with limited vertical clearance (under 20 ft) but ample floor space for carousel pods.

Q: Can carousels handle heavy or bulky items?
Yes—bins can support up to 750 lbs each, and systems can be configured for heavy-duty applications.

Q: What’s the lifespan of a carousel system?
With preventive maintenance, most systems operate reliably for 20+ years.

Q: How is maintenance handled?
White Systems provides nationwide support and service contracts with guaranteed response times, OEM parts, and remote diagnostics.

Conclusion: The Fastest Path to Productivity

For operations that depend on fast, repeatable access to parts or products, Horizontal Carousels deliver unmatched throughput and efficiency. Combining speed, simplicity, and proven reliability, they are the foundation of many of the most productive fulfillment and manufacturing facilities worldwide.

Backed by decades of experience, U.S.-based service, and seamless software integration, White Systems horizontal carousels are engineered to move your business faster.

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